| 谢永江,杨永兴.论私密信息侵权归责原则的适用[J].南京邮电大学学报(社会科学版）,2023,(01):33~41 |
| 论私密信息侵权归责原则的适用 |
| On the application of the liability principle of private information infringement |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 个人信息 隐私 侵权责任 归责原则 |
| 英文关键词:personal information privacy infringement liability liability principle |
| 基金项目:教育部重大项目“数据法学的内容和体系研究”(20JZD020) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 《个人信息保护法》规定侵害私密信息致人损害适用过错推定原则，《民法典》将私密信息当作隐私权的保护对象，隐私侵权属于一般侵权行为，根据《民法典》适用的是过错原则。故个人信息权益与隐私权不可避免会发生重叠保护，亟待厘清。其中，因侵害私密信息构成侵权时，个人信息处理者的财产损害赔偿责任与精神损害赔偿责任适用过错推定原则；反之则适用过错原则，但为充分保护信息主体的合法权益，应降低信息主体对过错要件的证明标准。为了避免精神损害赔偿制度的滥用以及平衡信息主体与侵权主体之间的利益，应在对精神损害的“严重性”有所要求的同时降低对其认定的标准。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Personal Information Protection Law stipulates that the principle of presumption of fault is applicable to personal damage caused by infringement of private information. However, the Civil Code regards private information as the protection object of the privacy right, while privacy infringement is a general infringement, and according to the Civil Code, the principle of fault is applicable. Therefore, the protection of personal information rights and privacy rights will inevitably overlap and need to be clarified. Where infringement of private information constitutes infringement, the personal information processors liability for property damage and mental damage shall be subject to the principle of fault presumption. Otherwise, the principle of fault applies. But in order to fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of the information subject, the standard of proof of the fault elements of the information subject should be lowered. In order to avoid the abuse of the mental damage compensation system and balance the interests between the information subject and the infringement subject, the standard for the determination of mental damage should be lowered while “seriousness” of mental damage is required. |
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